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foreign

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foreign

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thank you

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yeah

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hello and welcome to another episode of

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NASA science live an opportunity for you

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to interact with our NASA experts ask

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your questions and have them answered in

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real time I'm your host Dr mumta

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nagaraja and today I am so excited that

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we are going to get to talk about the

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science on board NASA's Artemis 1

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Mission so if you have questions send

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them in using the hashtag Artemis on

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social media or drop a comment in the

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box wherever you're watching today

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so you might have seen the incredible

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launch of NASA's most powerful rocket

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from Kennedy Space Center on November

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16th since then the spacecraft onboard

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named Orion has completed two close

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flybys of the lunar surface and has

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flown farther than any other spacecraft

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built for humans yesterday it finished

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its return to Earth with a Splashdown in

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the Pacific Ocean Artemis 1 is a flight

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test to prove that the technology all

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works before we put humans on board

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Artemis too but there is a lot of

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science on board lucky for us and we are

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going to talk about that today and that

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science is going to help us learn how

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humans can thrive in deep space

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now some of the science had been has

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been deployed in the form of cubesats

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and if you've ever heard that phrase the

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best things come in small packages

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that's pretty much a cute set about the

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size of a shoe box fully functioning

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spacecraft and some of the science is

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nestled inside the Orion that splashed

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down yesterday in the Pacific Ocean

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let's learn more about the science on

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the Artemis One mission

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Artemis 1 is Paving the way for us to

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explore deeper and deeper into space I

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think Artemis one is significant on so

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many levels it is a new frontier to do

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science so the primary objective is to

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test the Orion spacecraft integrated

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with the space launch system and it is

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designed to to carry out the the boldest

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of the Bold missions but it's more than

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just learning how to travel in space

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we're taking a lot of cool science along

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with us on this first mission to the

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moon so as NASA plans to go back to the

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surface of the Moon and then on to Mars

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we want to spend more time there and

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that's riskier business so the more we

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learn about the moon itself and the

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environment where we'll be operating the

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better we can prepare we have 10

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cubesats we call secondary payloads

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which are small scientific spacecraft of

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their own that will each be conducting

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their own scientific Mission all of

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these payloads in some form or fashion

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will help us going forward they are

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going to be studying the Moon soon and

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they're going to help us understand what

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is the moon made out of what types of

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rocks what types of regolith what types

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of ice what's mixed in with water that

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might be present they're going to be

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studying the sun understanding and

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studying the space environment or the

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space weather some different propulsion

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systems these novel ideas will

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ultimately turn into the technology and

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the systems that we want to use going

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forward there's a lot of cool things

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going on between all these cubesats that

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make up our secondary payloads

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additionally inside the Orion we'll be

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flying an experiment to study space

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biology space biology is where we study

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the underlying changes that earth-based

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biological systems undergo when they're

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in space basically how does life respond

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to the space environment the level of

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ionizing radiation that you experience

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when you go beyond the Van Allen belt so

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you go beyond the protective magnetic

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sphere that we have around us you then

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get exposed to higher levels of ionizing

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radiation so we are flying several space

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biology experiments we will take a

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series of materials plant seeds fungi

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the yeast cell algae and right along the

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trip and then when it comes home we can

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analyze how they responded to that

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environment This research will help us

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thrive in space it will help us to go

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further and stay there longer so there

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you have it I hope you agree with me

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this is exciting the science will

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conduct on Artemis 1 lays the groundwork

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to ensure that we can safely conduct

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scientific activities at the Moon with

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our astronauts going forward this really

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is the stepping stone for us as we take

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that next giant leapman's base

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Artemis one is indeed Paving the way for

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us to explore deeper and deeper in space

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and with me today to tell you more about

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that and answer your questions are those

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two we just saw in the video I have Dr

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sharmila bachacharya NASA's senior

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program scientist for space biology and

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also a personal mentor of mine and Dr

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Jacob bleacher NASA's Chief exploration

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scientist sharmila and Jake thank you so

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much for being with us today

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thank you for inviting us Mamta it's a

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real pleasure to be here

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yeah really exciting times we have our

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Orion spacecraft home but the the work's

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just starting really exciting

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definitely so that leads me perfectly

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into my first question for each of you

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and sharmila I'll go to you first is

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there anything of particularly that's

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you're excited to learn about as we

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start getting some of this science back

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yeah absolutely you know Manta for me

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all of it you know there are for example

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on the package that came back yesterday

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uh on the Orion vehicle there are four

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experiments for space biology

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experiments on a diverse set of

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organisms you know fungus algae you know

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yeast cell and plant seeds and we have

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never exposed these systems to this

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unique environment in deep space so I'm

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just excited to see what we find and

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what we learn from all of it

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yeah you and I have this shared love of

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space biology because I too am a space

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biologist and I love that this we've

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never done this before I mean this is

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new and novel and yeah we're going to

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learn so much from it Jake is there

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anything particular that you're excited

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about

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well you know we are now on a path to

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with Artemis to send our astronauts to

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the South Pole of the Moon a place that

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no one's ever been before I mean it

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doesn't get any better than that right

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so learning what the spacecraft has to

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tell us about the trip it just took is

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is really exciting to me but I am a

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Scientist so I really am interested to

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know what

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all the cubesats are going to tell us

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they're they're out there flying through

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space right now uh talking to us giving

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us some data back uh learning about what

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the environment was like where we expect

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our astronauts to go when they ride on

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the Orion out around the moon in Artemis

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2 and then eventually to land on the

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moon in Artemis 3. uh you know it's just

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really hard to pick a winner here it's

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all exciting

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for sure but you lead me perfectly Jake

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into my next question so I'll start with

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you with yesterday's Splashdown what

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science has returned to Earth and what

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science has stayed in space

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yeah so first of all the most important

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science from my perspective is what our

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Orion spacecraft has to tell us so it's

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splashed down uh just off the coast of

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San Diego uh and it's carrying with it

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just a wealth of data about flying in

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deep space

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um this spacecraft just took a trip

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1.4 million miles long to get back here

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to the Earth and it's it's basically

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gone on a trip that will be similar to

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where our astronauts will go and as

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sharmilla talked about it's in places

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where we haven't really studied uh what

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the space environment is like when it

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interacts with uh with life here from

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Earth uh so we we brought back some

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payloads that came along for the ride

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with Orion but we also sent out a series

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of these secondary cubesats we call them

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so you mentioned them the the shoebox

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size spacecraft each one of those is

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like its own you know science Mission

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out out in the space and some of them

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are looking at the moon some of them are

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learning about the space weather

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environment you know kind of that

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weather from the Sun that we'll uh we'll

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have to live in uh when we go out some

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are traveling out in different trips out

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into space to study different locations

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so we've got a series of those out in

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space right now and then we brought back

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the Orion and the Orion has some really

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cool science inside of it as well

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yeah so show Mila can you tell me more

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about some of those biology experiments

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did any of them come back to earth

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yes so so this is perfect because Jake's

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at the stage for the fact uh that some

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of the science went out as secondary

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payloads and then and then as you

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mentioned some of them came back so we

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actually have biology experiments on

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both so for the ones coming back then as

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we discussed earlier there are four

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experiments in what we call a sweet it's

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an instrument called bio experiment one

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which actually consists of four

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different experiments with four

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different living systems which will help

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us understand the effects of this

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environment of the deep space

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environment on a diverse number of

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biological systems and then we have the

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one Biology experiment in the cubesat

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that went as a free flyer and what's

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really cool about that one as well is

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that that one is going towards the Sun

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so that one is going far far away from

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you know where we are located hated and

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where we've been you know in low earth

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orbits and the International Space

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Station and this payload uses the yeast

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cell and it looks at it has a really

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nice way of doing science uh by looking

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at the changes on the cell called the

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yeast cell the same yeast cell that you

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use to make bread or beer and it will

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experience this environment things like

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radiation will affect its biology in

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such a way that we could measure that

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change by looking at growth and it'll

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send all that data back by Telemetry

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from deep space we never have to get

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that science back and so we will get all

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of the information over the next several

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months as those cells get activated by

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putting media into them feeding them

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and then watching them grow so that's

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one set and then the ones that came back

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to Earth as you mentioned month are the

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ones that splashed down yesterday in

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that amazing video that we just saw

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um what we're going to do is all of that

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science will actually be done in the

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researchers lab on Earth so we could get

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pretty complex with the kind of science

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analysis we're going to do because the

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researchers the principal investigators

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will actually the teams will get these

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experiments back in their Laboratories

277
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and then they can look at you know how

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do they grow how did they respond you

279
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know which specific genes are

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responsible for helping us thrive in

281
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this novel environment and when I say

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genes you know I know you know this uh

283
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really well Mamta but our DNA inside all

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of our cells uh consists of these

285
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elements they're like Words inside a

286
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sentence uh called genes and those genes

287
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are what are responsible able from

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making RNA and then the RNA makes

289
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protein and the proteins do all the work

290
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inside your cell so at the end of this

291
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experiment we'll get lots of valuable

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information about how these genes

293
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function in this unique environment

294
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sharmeila you led me perfectly into my

295
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next thought and that's what was going

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to happen to the science once it's come

297
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here so you told us about the biology

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ones Jake you mentioned you know one of

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the things you're interested in is all

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the signs we're going to get from the

301
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spacecraft itself so what how what are

302
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we going to learn from that and how are

303
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we going to learn from all of that

304
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different information we get back

305
00:14:13,190 --> 00:14:11,279
sure so the Orion's been talking to us

306
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throughout the entire trip that it took

307
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around the moon so we also have we

308
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already have a lot of that data back and

309
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we're starting to work through it

310
00:14:22,910 --> 00:14:21,060
um and so we're you know what's great

311
00:14:25,069 --> 00:14:22,920
about it is the mission went really well

312
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the spacecraft flew well the space

313
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launch system the big rocket part that

314
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that made the really spectacular uh made

315
00:14:34,730 --> 00:14:32,220
it basically made it like night time in

316
00:14:37,129 --> 00:14:34,740
the daytime when that thing launched uh

317
00:14:39,230 --> 00:14:37,139
you know we got a ton of data from that

318
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and the space launch system performed

319
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extremely well the Orion performed well

320
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uh we were able to get the mission

321
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complete we even were able to do some

322
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additional work along the way uh but you

323
00:14:52,370 --> 00:14:50,220
know one of the big parts for the

324
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mission was coming back to Earth coming

325
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into Earth that extremely fast speed

326
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almost 25 000 miles per hour and as the

327
00:15:01,550 --> 00:14:59,880
Orion comes into the Earth's atmosphere

328
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creates a lot of friction kind of like

329
00:15:05,449 --> 00:15:02,940
when you rub your hands together and

330
00:15:08,750 --> 00:15:05,459
they get warm but like a lot more than

331
00:15:11,509 --> 00:15:08,760
that so it gets really hot and so one of

332
00:15:13,730 --> 00:15:11,519
the big parts we had to study was um how

333
00:15:15,350 --> 00:15:13,740
to slow the Orion down because we got to

334
00:15:17,930 --> 00:15:15,360
protect our astronauts our friends who

335
00:15:20,090 --> 00:15:17,940
were riding inside so as the Orion comes

336
00:15:21,350 --> 00:15:20,100
into the atmosphere it heats up and so

337
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we're going to be able to actually look

338
00:15:26,870 --> 00:15:24,480
at the Orion now when we take it to uh

339
00:15:28,850 --> 00:15:26,880
back to Kennedy to uh to understand how

340
00:15:30,470 --> 00:15:28,860
well it performed and how well the job

341
00:15:32,509 --> 00:15:30,480
it did and then it had some parachutes

342
00:15:35,329 --> 00:15:32,519
that opened up that slowed it down for

343
00:15:37,430 --> 00:15:35,339
its eventual Splashdown uh looking at

344
00:15:38,750 --> 00:15:37,440
how it performed floating in the ocean

345
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for instance

346
00:15:42,350 --> 00:15:40,740
um so we have to be able to get to the

347
00:15:45,170 --> 00:15:42,360
Orion to help get our astronauts out of

348
00:15:46,910 --> 00:15:45,180
the plan once it's in the water so

349
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there's a whole bunch of steps that go

350
00:15:51,949 --> 00:15:49,040
on there that will work through the data

351
00:15:54,050 --> 00:15:51,959
analyze that data and it's all very

352
00:15:55,850 --> 00:15:54,060
important for us to have the confidence

353
00:15:58,550 --> 00:15:55,860
that we need to put our friends in there

354
00:16:00,769 --> 00:15:58,560
for Artemis 2 which will be another fly

355
00:16:02,629 --> 00:16:00,779
around the moon but with astronauts on

356
00:16:04,430 --> 00:16:02,639
board so we just it just gets more and

357
00:16:07,189 --> 00:16:04,440
more exciting each time

358
00:16:09,110 --> 00:16:07,199
yes it does and I studied aerospace

359
00:16:10,910 --> 00:16:09,120
engineering for my undergraduate degree

360
00:16:14,090 --> 00:16:10,920
so the aeroscience that you just

361
00:16:17,870 --> 00:16:14,100
described is so fascinating to me I love

362
00:16:19,730 --> 00:16:17,880
that entire branch of science so my next

363
00:16:22,129 --> 00:16:19,740
question and sharmila I'll start with

364
00:16:24,290 --> 00:16:22,139
you there's cons a considerable number

365
00:16:26,030 --> 00:16:24,300
of experiments that we had on board that

366
00:16:29,090 --> 00:16:26,040
we're focusing on and you mentioned this

367
00:16:30,650 --> 00:16:29,100
before the effects of radiation why is

368
00:16:33,230 --> 00:16:30,660
that so important as we set the stage

369
00:16:36,710 --> 00:16:33,240
for future Artemis missions

370
00:16:39,230 --> 00:16:36,720
yeah great question there so the reason

371
00:16:43,009 --> 00:16:39,240
that's important for us to to Really

372
00:16:46,189 --> 00:16:43,019
measure and to understand is that

373
00:16:48,530 --> 00:16:46,199
radiation is you know simply a reality I

374
00:16:50,030 --> 00:16:48,540
mean we're exposed to ionizing radiation

375
00:16:51,949 --> 00:16:50,040
on the surface of the Earth We're

376
00:16:55,069 --> 00:16:51,959
exposed to ionizing radiation on the

377
00:16:57,410 --> 00:16:55,079
International Space Station and will be

378
00:17:00,949 --> 00:16:57,420
exposed to a little bit more of that

379
00:17:03,170 --> 00:17:00,959
same sort of radiation when we go beyond

380
00:17:06,829 --> 00:17:03,180
the Van Allen belts as you heard in the

381
00:17:10,370 --> 00:17:06,839
the earlier uh video and so it becomes

382
00:17:12,350 --> 00:17:10,380
important to really understand what the

383
00:17:14,630 --> 00:17:12,360
biological effects as well as the other

384
00:17:17,289 --> 00:17:14,640
effects actually you know the effects on

385
00:17:20,150 --> 00:17:17,299
the electronics Etc of this radiation

386
00:17:22,189 --> 00:17:20,160
just so that we are well prepared you

387
00:17:24,289 --> 00:17:22,199
know we know what to take with us we

388
00:17:27,350 --> 00:17:24,299
know how to counter it we know what

389
00:17:29,990 --> 00:17:27,360
sorts of foods Etc might be able to to

390
00:17:34,669 --> 00:17:30,000
help protect us uh you know and and and

391
00:17:37,490 --> 00:17:34,679
again improve Us in terms of thriving in

392
00:17:39,169 --> 00:17:37,500
this deep space environment

393
00:17:40,549 --> 00:17:39,179
yeah that's great Jake do you have

394
00:17:42,230 --> 00:17:40,559
anything to add on that too because I

395
00:17:45,230 --> 00:17:42,240
know there's many different perspectives

396
00:17:47,510 --> 00:17:45,240
when we're looking at radiation

397
00:17:49,310 --> 00:17:47,520
yeah I think Familia said it right it's

398
00:17:51,409 --> 00:17:49,320
a reality that uh that's part of the

399
00:17:53,330 --> 00:17:51,419
environment right and just like here on

400
00:17:55,490 --> 00:17:53,340
Earth we have different types of weather

401
00:17:57,169 --> 00:17:55,500
on different days and so maybe some days

402
00:17:59,210 --> 00:17:57,179
the weather is not as great for what you

403
00:18:00,950 --> 00:17:59,220
want to do and you kind of plan around

404
00:18:03,590 --> 00:18:00,960
it and and that's what we're doing now

405
00:18:05,810 --> 00:18:03,600
is we're planning how to do these space

406
00:18:07,789 --> 00:18:05,820
missions in the future and so as we

407
00:18:10,310 --> 00:18:07,799
learn about what normal conditions are

408
00:18:11,630 --> 00:18:10,320
like is we learn what maybe non-normal

409
00:18:13,789 --> 00:18:11,640
conditions are like

410
00:18:15,950 --> 00:18:13,799
um we can understand what the spectrum

411
00:18:17,990 --> 00:18:15,960
of that space weather looks like so that

412
00:18:19,730 --> 00:18:18,000
we can prepare for it

413
00:18:21,230 --> 00:18:19,740
um you know I I used to do a lot of

414
00:18:23,330 --> 00:18:21,240
field work here on Earth I used to study

415
00:18:24,890 --> 00:18:23,340
volcanoes and we used to say you know

416
00:18:26,930 --> 00:18:24,900
it's not that there's bad weather

417
00:18:29,330 --> 00:18:26,940
there's just bad preparation and so

418
00:18:31,789 --> 00:18:29,340
that's what we do now is we prepare we

419
00:18:34,669 --> 00:18:31,799
learn by flying spacecraft like the

420
00:18:36,350 --> 00:18:34,679
Orion by flying the cubesats they're all

421
00:18:38,690 --> 00:18:36,360
teaching us about that environment that

422
00:18:40,970 --> 00:18:38,700
we have to prepare for so that when our

423
00:18:42,789 --> 00:18:40,980
astronaut friends go to the Moon we know

424
00:18:45,169 --> 00:18:42,799
as much as we can about it but you know

425
00:18:47,990 --> 00:18:45,179
exploration by definition is kind of

426
00:18:50,390 --> 00:18:48,000
going into the unexplored so we will

427
00:18:52,190 --> 00:18:50,400
always learn as we go and then we adapt

428
00:18:53,690 --> 00:18:52,200
to that and we plan for the next time we

429
00:18:56,750 --> 00:18:53,700
get a shot at it

430
00:18:59,510 --> 00:18:56,760
yeah yeah totally so even though there

431
00:19:01,669 --> 00:18:59,520
weren't any humans on Artemis 1 there

432
00:19:03,350 --> 00:19:01,679
were a few special passengers that will

433
00:19:04,669 --> 00:19:03,360
help pave the way for future missions

434
00:19:07,190 --> 00:19:04,679
let's take a look and learn more about

435
00:19:09,890 --> 00:19:07,200
these passengers

436
00:19:11,690 --> 00:19:09,900
inside the Orion spacecraft as we fly

437
00:19:13,310 --> 00:19:11,700
around the Moon we have some cool

438
00:19:15,110 --> 00:19:13,320
experiments going on to help us

439
00:19:16,789 --> 00:19:15,120
understand what the environment is like

440
00:19:18,710 --> 00:19:16,799
although there's no humans aboard

441
00:19:20,690 --> 00:19:18,720
Artemis one we do have a few special

442
00:19:22,850 --> 00:19:20,700
passengers aboard that will help us pave

443
00:19:24,710 --> 00:19:22,860
the way for future Artemis missions so

444
00:19:25,970 --> 00:19:24,720
there's basically three occupants riding

445
00:19:28,789 --> 00:19:25,980
you kind of think about it like three

446
00:19:31,850 --> 00:19:28,799
astronauts we have a moon again we will

447
00:19:33,470 --> 00:19:31,860
also have two torsos that are learning

448
00:19:35,029 --> 00:19:33,480
about the moon and learning about the

449
00:19:37,190 --> 00:19:35,039
environment for our astronauts before

450
00:19:39,590 --> 00:19:37,200
they go we have a mannequin on Artemis

451
00:19:41,210 --> 00:19:39,600
one we call them our moon again for

452
00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:41,220
short that Moon again is called

453
00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:44,400
Commander moonachin Campos the name is

454
00:19:48,830 --> 00:19:47,280
actually in homage to Arturo Campos who

455
00:19:51,409 --> 00:19:48,840
was an important person who helped bring

456
00:19:53,690 --> 00:19:51,419
the Apollo 13 capsule home the moon

457
00:19:56,630 --> 00:19:53,700
again will sit in the Commander's seat

458
00:19:58,909 --> 00:19:56,640
and it will wear a suit just like our

459
00:20:01,370 --> 00:19:58,919
astronauts will wear Moon compost is

460
00:20:04,010 --> 00:20:01,380
actually weighted to simulate an actual

461
00:20:05,510 --> 00:20:04,020
human aboard the Orion spacecraft that

462
00:20:08,090 --> 00:20:05,520
will help us understand what our

463
00:20:09,529 --> 00:20:08,100
astronauts will experience as they go to

464
00:20:11,870 --> 00:20:09,539
the moon and home the Orion Cruise

465
00:20:13,789 --> 00:20:11,880
survival system suit and the Orion sea

466
00:20:16,070 --> 00:20:13,799
were designed simultaneously to fit

467
00:20:19,430 --> 00:20:16,080
together as a seamless package the

468
00:20:21,830 --> 00:20:19,440
actual design of the suit was built into

469
00:20:24,350 --> 00:20:21,840
the Orion sea such that when they're in

470
00:20:26,150 --> 00:20:24,360
the suit in the seat is a true Cocoon of

471
00:20:27,830 --> 00:20:26,160
protection for them during this test

472
00:20:30,110 --> 00:20:27,840
flight the seat will actually be

473
00:20:31,669 --> 00:20:30,120
instrumented with accelerometers sensors

474
00:20:33,830 --> 00:20:31,679
that tell us how much the chair is

475
00:20:35,630 --> 00:20:33,840
shaking during launch and re-entry and

476
00:20:37,610 --> 00:20:35,640
how many g-forces or gravitational

477
00:20:39,650 --> 00:20:37,620
forces that experiences we expect

478
00:20:41,450 --> 00:20:39,660
Commander Munich and compost to have a

479
00:20:43,610 --> 00:20:41,460
very exciting ride on his way to orbit

480
00:20:45,650 --> 00:20:43,620
the thrill of launch the experience of

481
00:20:47,690 --> 00:20:45,660
weightlessness the excitement of Landing

482
00:20:49,490 --> 00:20:47,700
what we learn on Artemis 1 with our

483
00:20:51,169 --> 00:20:49,500
mannequins assistance will help us

484
00:20:52,970 --> 00:20:51,179
better understand how a human will

485
00:20:55,430 --> 00:20:52,980
actually behave in the sea both for

486
00:20:57,710 --> 00:20:55,440
landing and for launch to allow us to

487
00:21:00,110 --> 00:20:57,720
ensure their safety in addition to the

488
00:21:02,510 --> 00:21:00,120
Moon again we'll have two seats that

489
00:21:05,210 --> 00:21:02,520
have basically what's like a human dummy

490
00:21:07,070 --> 00:21:05,220
an upper torso that are detecting how

491
00:21:09,470 --> 00:21:07,080
much radiation they're experiencing it's

492
00:21:11,990 --> 00:21:09,480
called the matrushka Astra radiation

493
00:21:14,090 --> 00:21:12,000
experiment Mare Mare is an international

494
00:21:17,150 --> 00:21:14,100
collaboration with German Aerospace

495
00:21:20,210 --> 00:21:17,160
Center DLR and with Israel space agency

496
00:21:22,970 --> 00:21:20,220
the mara experiment consists of two

497
00:21:26,510 --> 00:21:22,980
anthropomorphic Phantoms called Helga

498
00:21:29,210 --> 00:21:26,520
and Zohar that are simulating a female

499
00:21:31,730 --> 00:21:29,220
body in a space radiation environment

500
00:21:34,730 --> 00:21:31,740
one of those will be wearing a safety

501
00:21:36,830 --> 00:21:34,740
vest the master radiation vest that we

502
00:21:38,690 --> 00:21:36,840
hope will help protect our astronauts

503
00:21:41,510 --> 00:21:38,700
from radiation each one of the two

504
00:21:44,510 --> 00:21:41,520
Phantoms will be equipped with about 20

505
00:21:46,909 --> 00:21:44,520
battery operated radiation instruments

506
00:21:48,950 --> 00:21:46,919
so between the two we'll be able to

507
00:21:50,990 --> 00:21:48,960
determine how well we can protect our

508
00:21:54,110 --> 00:21:51,000
astronauts from radiation events space

509
00:21:56,570 --> 00:21:54,120
radiation is a mix of high energy heavy

510
00:21:58,789 --> 00:21:56,580
charge particles that originate from the

511
00:22:02,330 --> 00:21:58,799
Sun to put things in perspective one

512
00:22:04,549 --> 00:22:02,340
year of Earth exposure to cosmic rays is

513
00:22:07,010 --> 00:22:04,559
equivalent with one day of space

514
00:22:10,010 --> 00:22:07,020
radiation exposure in deep space the

515
00:22:12,710 --> 00:22:10,020
purpose of the mara experiment is to

516
00:22:16,250 --> 00:22:12,720
learn more about the radiation exposure

517
00:22:18,289 --> 00:22:16,260
as well as the biological effects of

518
00:22:21,110 --> 00:22:18,299
different organs so basically it's like

519
00:22:23,270 --> 00:22:21,120
we have three occupants inside Orion

520
00:22:24,770 --> 00:22:23,280
that are learning about the moon and

521
00:22:26,930 --> 00:22:24,780
learning about the environment for our

522
00:22:29,210 --> 00:22:26,940
astronauts before they go going back to

523
00:22:31,430 --> 00:22:29,220
the Moon with new exploration goals and

524
00:22:33,409 --> 00:22:31,440
new technologies will help us gain

525
00:22:35,930 --> 00:22:33,419
better understanding of the challenges

526
00:22:38,390 --> 00:22:35,940
we encounter with deep space exploration

527
00:22:40,730 --> 00:22:38,400
we will have to develop new technology

528
00:22:42,830 --> 00:22:40,740
and solutions to meet really difficult

529
00:22:50,649 --> 00:22:42,840
challenges but that's what NASA does

530
00:22:55,669 --> 00:22:53,750
all right so Jake sharmila this is my

531
00:22:57,529 --> 00:22:55,679
favorite part of any NASA science live

532
00:22:59,870 --> 00:22:57,539
we're about to answer the questions that

533
00:23:02,270 --> 00:22:59,880
people have been sending in they want to

534
00:23:04,490 --> 00:23:02,280
know so much about Artemis so these are

535
00:23:07,850 --> 00:23:04,500
some good questions and I know many of

536
00:23:10,070 --> 00:23:07,860
you online have questions so if you want

537
00:23:11,930 --> 00:23:10,080
to use the hashtag Artemis on social

538
00:23:13,610 --> 00:23:11,940
media or drop a comment in the box

539
00:23:15,890 --> 00:23:13,620
wherever you're watching today we will

540
00:23:18,529 --> 00:23:15,900
get those questions and try to answer as

541
00:23:21,169 --> 00:23:18,539
many as we can so the first one I'm

542
00:23:24,710 --> 00:23:21,179
going to send to you Jake shaven Jenkins

543
00:23:26,810 --> 00:23:24,720
one on Twitter asks how will the outcome

544
00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:26,820
of the mannequin tests influence what

545
00:23:30,649 --> 00:23:28,740
changes are made for the next Artemis

546
00:23:32,570 --> 00:23:30,659
mission

547
00:23:34,789 --> 00:23:32,580
yeah that's that's what it's all about

548
00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:34,799
right they're out there to help us learn

549
00:23:38,330 --> 00:23:36,240
about the environment that our

550
00:23:40,370 --> 00:23:38,340
astronauts will travel through so as we

551
00:23:42,710 --> 00:23:40,380
learn about uh for instance uh what

552
00:23:44,810 --> 00:23:42,720
helgar and zogar have to tell us Helga

553
00:23:46,789 --> 00:23:44,820
and Zohar have to tell us uh they're

554
00:23:48,289 --> 00:23:46,799
going to tell us about radiation and

555
00:23:50,750 --> 00:23:48,299
whether or not some of the materials

556
00:23:53,450 --> 00:23:50,760
that we design the Astro rat suit out of

557
00:23:55,610 --> 00:23:53,460
can help kind of minimize the amount of

558
00:23:57,590 --> 00:23:55,620
radiation that they're exposed to so

559
00:23:59,029 --> 00:23:57,600
that will probably influence maybe how

560
00:24:01,850 --> 00:23:59,039
we design

561
00:24:04,130 --> 00:24:01,860
um safety blankets or suits or something

562
00:24:05,750 --> 00:24:04,140
that they can wear so that if they're in

563
00:24:09,049 --> 00:24:05,760
a situation where they need to protect

564
00:24:11,270 --> 00:24:09,059
themselves they have something to use it

565
00:24:13,909 --> 00:24:11,280
could eventually influence how we design

566
00:24:16,730 --> 00:24:13,919
the outside of spacecraft

567
00:24:18,230 --> 00:24:16,740
um all of these types of lessons can

568
00:24:20,570 --> 00:24:18,240
help us learn about the next

569
00:24:23,330 --> 00:24:20,580
technological step we need to take

570
00:24:25,610 --> 00:24:23,340
so it's all important for us and

571
00:24:27,590 --> 00:24:25,620
Commander Campos he's teaching us a

572
00:24:30,049 --> 00:24:27,600
little bit about how the seat designs

573
00:24:32,029 --> 00:24:30,059
will work to kind of minimize just how

574
00:24:34,789 --> 00:24:32,039
much they're being shaken during their

575
00:24:36,590 --> 00:24:34,799
travel so that helps us understand the

576
00:24:38,330 --> 00:24:36,600
interior design of the spacecraft and

577
00:24:40,789 --> 00:24:38,340
how the suits are designed to interact

578
00:24:42,529 --> 00:24:40,799
with the with the spacecraft itself so

579
00:24:45,169 --> 00:24:42,539
together they just kind of help make the

580
00:24:46,610 --> 00:24:45,179
rod a little smoother and also just kind

581
00:24:49,549 --> 00:24:46,620
of help us make sure we've got them

582
00:24:51,049 --> 00:24:49,559
outfitted with the right gear to safely

583
00:24:53,450 --> 00:24:51,059
conduct emissions we'll ask our

584
00:24:55,490 --> 00:24:53,460
astronauts to do in the future

585
00:24:57,409 --> 00:24:55,500
yeah it's one of my favorite parts of

586
00:24:59,870 --> 00:24:57,419
the signs that went up on Artemis one is

587
00:25:02,810 --> 00:24:59,880
just having those dummies and all of the

588
00:25:05,330 --> 00:25:02,820
the collection of that what are those

589
00:25:07,070 --> 00:25:05,340
what are people gonna experience when

590
00:25:10,070 --> 00:25:07,080
they're in this rocket it is the most

591
00:25:12,830 --> 00:25:10,080
powerful rocket we have so I I find that

592
00:25:14,510 --> 00:25:12,840
so fascinating so let's say let's see um

593
00:25:16,070 --> 00:25:14,520
sharmila maybe you can take this one and

594
00:25:17,810 --> 00:25:16,080
if I send you a question and you think

595
00:25:19,669 --> 00:25:17,820
the other person should answer it feel

596
00:25:21,350 --> 00:25:19,679
free to toss it around I think we're

597
00:25:24,409 --> 00:25:21,360
we're pretty informal here on NASA

598
00:25:29,350 --> 00:25:24,419
science live so at lugalia and Daga on

599
00:25:32,810 --> 00:25:29,360
Twitter asks will capsule be reused

600
00:25:34,669 --> 00:25:32,820
uh actually I am going to hand that over

601
00:25:37,070 --> 00:25:34,679
to Jake I think that's that's a good

602
00:25:39,230 --> 00:25:37,080
question for Jake

603
00:25:41,149 --> 00:25:39,240
capsules are are designed to be able to

604
00:25:43,070 --> 00:25:41,159
be reused it's one um thing that we're

605
00:25:44,810 --> 00:25:43,080
doing with uh with the new systems is

606
00:25:46,850 --> 00:25:44,820
trying to be able to reuse them

607
00:25:49,190 --> 00:25:46,860
um and if it's not the entire capsule as

608
00:25:51,289 --> 00:25:49,200
we continue to um develop things in the

609
00:25:53,750 --> 00:25:51,299
future we certainly will learn from each

610
00:25:55,970 --> 00:25:53,760
one and develop new systems based off

611
00:25:57,590 --> 00:25:55,980
the knowledge that we gain from them but

612
00:26:00,470 --> 00:25:57,600
the intent is for us to be able to reuse

613
00:26:03,890 --> 00:26:00,480
those spacecraft when we go forward

614
00:26:05,390 --> 00:26:03,900
awesome thanks Jake yeah so sharmila I

615
00:26:07,490 --> 00:26:05,400
do think that you can you can tell us

616
00:26:08,690 --> 00:26:07,500
more about this one so Connor on Twitter

617
00:26:11,630 --> 00:26:08,700
asks

618
00:26:13,370 --> 00:26:11,640
what can we ex when can we expect to see

619
00:26:16,130 --> 00:26:13,380
all of the data and the science that's

620
00:26:18,110 --> 00:26:16,140
stored on the spacecraft and the and the

621
00:26:20,210 --> 00:26:18,120
science and what kind of data can we

622
00:26:22,430 --> 00:26:20,220
expect to see

623
00:26:24,470 --> 00:26:22,440
yeah great question Connor thanks for

624
00:26:26,450 --> 00:26:24,480
that so

625
00:26:29,029 --> 00:26:26,460
um you know it'll depend as I mentioned

626
00:26:31,549 --> 00:26:29,039
for the science let's come back on Orion

627
00:26:33,470 --> 00:26:31,559
there are four different experiments so

628
00:26:35,149 --> 00:26:33,480
there's different analysis that's going

629
00:26:39,610 --> 00:26:35,159
to be done on each of those four

630
00:26:43,730 --> 00:26:39,620
different organisms typically though

631
00:26:46,250 --> 00:26:43,740
the analysis for most studies take about

632
00:26:48,769 --> 00:26:46,260
a year for when you get the samples back

633
00:26:51,649 --> 00:26:48,779
also don't forget that we have to do a

634
00:26:53,750 --> 00:26:51,659
gram control that matches the exact

635
00:26:56,570 --> 00:26:53,760
conditions that the space light samples

636
00:26:58,909 --> 00:26:56,580
went through and so usually we do that

637
00:27:01,250 --> 00:26:58,919
after Return of the flight samples

638
00:27:03,590 --> 00:27:01,260
because we have all kinds of sensors and

639
00:27:07,130 --> 00:27:03,600
detectors inside the experiment package

640
00:27:09,169 --> 00:27:07,140
which measures you know temperature uh

641
00:27:11,149 --> 00:27:09,179
you know humidity you know radiation

642
00:27:13,010 --> 00:27:11,159
levels there's other changes that are

643
00:27:15,830 --> 00:27:13,020
being measured and so you want to

644
00:27:17,870 --> 00:27:15,840
recreate as best as you can at least the

645
00:27:20,269 --> 00:27:17,880
temperature you know humidity gas

646
00:27:22,669 --> 00:27:20,279
composition these sorts of things and so

647
00:27:25,789 --> 00:27:22,679
those will be recreated in the ground

648
00:27:27,830 --> 00:27:25,799
control and then the ground control and

649
00:27:30,350 --> 00:27:27,840
the space flight samples will both be

650
00:27:32,930 --> 00:27:30,360
analyzed and compared to each other so

651
00:27:35,269 --> 00:27:32,940
that we can tell what the changes are so

652
00:27:36,470 --> 00:27:35,279
to give you a brief example you know for

653
00:27:39,409 --> 00:27:36,480
the seeds

654
00:27:42,110 --> 00:27:39,419
uh the researchers will look at you know

655
00:27:43,549 --> 00:27:42,120
the seeds that came back from space and

656
00:27:45,769 --> 00:27:43,559
that were exposed to this kind of

657
00:27:48,590 --> 00:27:45,779
elevated radiation environment how well

658
00:27:51,169 --> 00:27:48,600
did they germinate how robustly do they

659
00:27:53,570 --> 00:27:51,179
grow does the addition of these

660
00:27:56,630 --> 00:27:53,580
increased amino acid content does it

661
00:27:58,310 --> 00:27:56,640
help it survive better in space and then

662
00:28:00,470 --> 00:27:58,320
likewise for some of the others for the

663
00:28:02,510 --> 00:28:00,480
yeast cells you know we'll be looking at

664
00:28:04,490 --> 00:28:02,520
what are some of the genes that helped

665
00:28:06,950 --> 00:28:04,500
make those cells more robust in this

666
00:28:08,510 --> 00:28:06,960
environment for example

667
00:28:10,970 --> 00:28:08,520
yeah and I think sharmila what's

668
00:28:12,890 --> 00:28:10,980
important to note is science takes time

669
00:28:15,590 --> 00:28:12,900
to do and so when we get all of this

670
00:28:17,269 --> 00:28:15,600
information we and science has a rigor

671
00:28:19,370 --> 00:28:17,279
to it and the whole reason we have that

672
00:28:21,890 --> 00:28:19,380
rigor to it is so that we can be as

673
00:28:23,750 --> 00:28:21,900
accurate as possible when we interpret

674
00:28:26,690 --> 00:28:23,760
the data that we get but I think

675
00:28:29,210 --> 00:28:26,700
Connor's question also Jake um Can

676
00:28:30,890 --> 00:28:29,220
allude to the science and the data the

677
00:28:32,570 --> 00:28:30,900
information not the science but the data

678
00:28:34,850 --> 00:28:32,580
we're getting from the spacecraft itself

679
00:28:37,070 --> 00:28:34,860
so do you have any insight on when we'll

680
00:28:38,930 --> 00:28:37,080
be able to get that information and and

681
00:28:41,029 --> 00:28:38,940
be able to interpret it and improve the

682
00:28:43,130 --> 00:28:41,039
next Artemis missions

683
00:28:45,230 --> 00:28:43,140
sure I mean some of it's already here

684
00:28:47,210 --> 00:28:45,240
we've been talking to the Orion

685
00:28:49,370 --> 00:28:47,220
throughout its entire flight uh so

686
00:28:50,990 --> 00:28:49,380
Orion's been telling us a lot about how

687
00:28:53,390 --> 00:28:51,000
it handles in space

688
00:28:55,310 --> 00:28:53,400
um it had to make several different uh

689
00:28:58,190 --> 00:28:55,320
engine Burns in order to put it in just

690
00:29:00,350 --> 00:28:58,200
the right trajectory so you know one of

691
00:29:02,149 --> 00:29:00,360
the great things about the math involved

692
00:29:03,769 --> 00:29:02,159
in flying in space is you're trying to

693
00:29:05,750 --> 00:29:03,779
balance how fast you're going with

694
00:29:08,269 --> 00:29:05,760
gravitational pulls from things like the

695
00:29:10,430 --> 00:29:08,279
moon so as you go out around the Moon to

696
00:29:12,289 --> 00:29:10,440
stay on course that you want to keep you

697
00:29:14,450 --> 00:29:12,299
have to add a little bit of thrust to

698
00:29:16,730 --> 00:29:14,460
your vehicle so fire those engines off

699
00:29:19,610 --> 00:29:16,740
every one of those gave us more data

700
00:29:21,769 --> 00:29:19,620
about how the engines worked um how they

701
00:29:23,810 --> 00:29:21,779
performed how the vehicle responded to

702
00:29:26,090 --> 00:29:23,820
that amount of thrust that we gave it um

703
00:29:27,889 --> 00:29:26,100
and uh and again we it performed really

704
00:29:29,990 --> 00:29:27,899
well which is exciting to us because

705
00:29:31,490 --> 00:29:30,000
that means we're in pretty good shape to

706
00:29:34,250 --> 00:29:31,500
start planning for the next Artemis

707
00:29:37,070 --> 00:29:34,260
Mission RMS 2. so we're already learning

708
00:29:39,529 --> 00:29:37,080
about it but now with Orion back here on

709
00:29:41,450 --> 00:29:39,539
Earth safe and sound we can actually go

710
00:29:43,610 --> 00:29:41,460
and start to study the Orion itself so

711
00:29:45,289 --> 00:29:43,620
looking at things like how well did the

712
00:29:47,029 --> 00:29:45,299
heat shields perform

713
00:29:49,190 --> 00:29:47,039
um was there anything that didn't quite

714
00:29:51,350 --> 00:29:49,200
operate the way we thought it did so

715
00:29:52,850 --> 00:29:51,360
those those steps uh they'll take you

716
00:29:55,190 --> 00:29:52,860
know weeks months

717
00:29:57,769 --> 00:29:55,200
um even years I mean what's great about

718
00:29:59,750 --> 00:29:57,779
science is you you kind of do the study

719
00:30:01,730 --> 00:29:59,760
right you do the research but then it

720
00:30:04,250 --> 00:30:01,740
serves as a point of comparison for

721
00:30:07,310 --> 00:30:04,260
everything else that you learn so every

722
00:30:08,990 --> 00:30:07,320
time we fly a spacecraft in space we can

723
00:30:11,630 --> 00:30:09,000
compare it to what we learned from this

724
00:30:13,909 --> 00:30:11,640
Mission uh to help us better prepare for

725
00:30:16,310 --> 00:30:13,919
that next mission so it's starting now

726
00:30:18,289 --> 00:30:16,320
and and a lot of that work will be done

727
00:30:20,090 --> 00:30:18,299
over the next weeks to months but it

728
00:30:21,769 --> 00:30:20,100
never ends really it'll always be there

729
00:30:23,090 --> 00:30:21,779
to help us understand how to fly in

730
00:30:25,430 --> 00:30:23,100
space

731
00:30:27,769 --> 00:30:25,440
yeah I love that idea that you just

732
00:30:29,149 --> 00:30:27,779
expressed because science does build on

733
00:30:30,470 --> 00:30:29,159
top of each other as soon as you learn

734
00:30:32,570 --> 00:30:30,480
something you come up with another

735
00:30:34,490 --> 00:30:32,580
question and then you think well how

736
00:30:36,529 --> 00:30:34,500
what about this and it just continues

737
00:30:39,289 --> 00:30:36,539
and it just loops and that's how we end

738
00:30:41,810 --> 00:30:39,299
up with this huge body of knowledge I I

739
00:30:44,149 --> 00:30:41,820
love that thought Jake so I think this

740
00:30:46,190 --> 00:30:44,159
one can go to both of you so I'd love to

741
00:30:49,730 --> 00:30:46,200
hear your thoughts on

742
00:30:51,350 --> 00:30:49,740
um Humberto Silva on YouTube and I'm

743
00:30:53,690 --> 00:30:51,360
sorry if I did not say your name

744
00:30:55,669 --> 00:30:53,700
correctly wants to know what is the

745
00:30:57,230 --> 00:30:55,679
principal difference between Apollo and

746
00:31:00,490 --> 00:30:57,240
the Artemis missions

747
00:31:03,289 --> 00:31:00,500
sharmila let's start with you

748
00:31:06,110 --> 00:31:03,299
yeah so you know one of the things with

749
00:31:08,269 --> 00:31:06,120
the art with the Apollo missions is it

750
00:31:10,850 --> 00:31:08,279
was still in the early days you know

751
00:31:13,490 --> 00:31:10,860
that was when we were first uh you know

752
00:31:15,649 --> 00:31:13,500
heading back you know outside of our own

753
00:31:18,049 --> 00:31:15,659
comfort zone so to speak and heading

754
00:31:20,090 --> 00:31:18,059
towards the moon and then getting to the

755
00:31:24,710 --> 00:31:20,100
surface of the Moon so there was so much

756
00:31:28,010 --> 00:31:24,720
unknown that we really had to focus then

757
00:31:31,909 --> 00:31:28,020
on you know getting there keeping our

758
00:31:34,789 --> 00:31:31,919
astronauts safe and so on so uh there

759
00:31:37,430 --> 00:31:34,799
wasn't as much of this very carefully

760
00:31:39,470 --> 00:31:37,440
controlled science that we are now

761
00:31:43,010 --> 00:31:39,480
setting up on the Artemis series of

762
00:31:45,649 --> 00:31:43,020
missions where you know we've sort of uh

763
00:31:47,389 --> 00:31:45,659
uh you know and and Jake I'm sure we'll

764
00:31:49,549 --> 00:31:47,399
further elaborate on this you know we

765
00:31:52,010 --> 00:31:49,559
have the Technologies now

766
00:31:55,010 --> 00:31:52,020
um as as you've seen Anonymous once to

767
00:31:56,810 --> 00:31:55,020
get there and get back safely so now we

768
00:31:58,730 --> 00:31:56,820
really need to use these platforms to

769
00:32:00,769 --> 00:31:58,740
understand the science so that we can be

770
00:32:03,049 --> 00:32:00,779
better prepared for our future Mission

771
00:32:06,490 --> 00:32:03,059
to Mars for example which is going to be

772
00:32:10,850 --> 00:32:06,500
further than any you know human has been

773
00:32:12,230 --> 00:32:10,860
uh you know ever uh and and so I think

774
00:32:14,210 --> 00:32:12,240
for me at least from the science

775
00:32:17,630 --> 00:32:14,220
perspective that's one major difference

776
00:32:20,090 --> 00:32:17,640
but Jake you know uh please add you know

777
00:32:23,690 --> 00:32:20,100
other perspectives as well

778
00:32:26,029 --> 00:32:23,700
yeah so both Apollo and Artemis

779
00:32:28,490 --> 00:32:26,039
um the intention is to put astronauts on

780
00:32:31,070 --> 00:32:28,500
the moon but there are some significant

781
00:32:33,169 --> 00:32:31,080
differences so Apollo was a series of

782
00:32:35,690 --> 00:32:33,179
missions that went to near the equator

783
00:32:37,310 --> 00:32:35,700
of the Moon and all on the near side of

784
00:32:40,610 --> 00:32:37,320
the moon so the side of the moon that

785
00:32:42,470 --> 00:32:40,620
continually faces the Earth so all of

786
00:32:44,149 --> 00:32:42,480
those Landings were kind of like right

787
00:32:46,549 --> 00:32:44,159
in the middle of the Moon as you would

788
00:32:48,769 --> 00:32:46,559
see it when you look at it uh the in the

789
00:32:51,470 --> 00:32:48,779
night sky where we want to go with

790
00:32:53,389 --> 00:32:51,480
Artemis is to the South Pole of the Moon

791
00:32:56,029 --> 00:32:53,399
and the reason we want to go to the

792
00:32:58,370 --> 00:32:56,039
South Pole is we've learned so much

793
00:33:01,370 --> 00:32:58,380
since Apollo and what we've learned is

794
00:33:03,409 --> 00:33:01,380
that in some cases there are craters at

795
00:33:05,029 --> 00:33:03,419
the polls that never see sunlight we

796
00:33:07,730 --> 00:33:05,039
refer to them as being permanently

797
00:33:10,010 --> 00:33:07,740
shadowed and because of their permanent

798
00:33:11,810 --> 00:33:10,020
Shadows they don't interact with the sun

799
00:33:13,669 --> 00:33:11,820
and so

800
00:33:16,610 --> 00:33:13,679
um materials that we call volatile

801
00:33:18,409 --> 00:33:16,620
elements volatile molecules that means

802
00:33:20,389 --> 00:33:18,419
that if they see the sun they become

803
00:33:22,909 --> 00:33:20,399
volatilized they turn to gas and they're

804
00:33:25,250 --> 00:33:22,919
lost these volatiles in these places

805
00:33:27,529 --> 00:33:25,260
that never see the sun they just kind of

806
00:33:29,930 --> 00:33:27,539
get stuck there and so over the whole

807
00:33:32,029 --> 00:33:29,940
history of the solar system these

808
00:33:34,370 --> 00:33:32,039
volatiles have collected in these cold

809
00:33:36,289 --> 00:33:34,380
traps these permanent shadows and so

810
00:33:39,110 --> 00:33:36,299
what that means is we think there's

811
00:33:42,470 --> 00:33:39,120
actually big deposits of ice there

812
00:33:44,630 --> 00:33:42,480
ice is really important to us

813
00:33:46,730 --> 00:33:44,640
um life needs water and if there's

814
00:33:48,590 --> 00:33:46,740
already water on the moon it's a

815
00:33:50,810 --> 00:33:48,600
resource we can use if you think about

816
00:33:53,330 --> 00:33:50,820
taking a trip here on Earth you can't

817
00:33:55,789 --> 00:33:53,340
possibly take everything with you every

818
00:33:58,549 --> 00:33:55,799
time you leave your house you depend on

819
00:34:01,250 --> 00:33:58,559
the fact that a place you go to is going

820
00:34:03,169 --> 00:34:01,260
to have a water fountain right so we are

821
00:34:03,889 --> 00:34:03,179
looking for that water fountain on the

822
00:34:06,409 --> 00:34:03,899
moon

823
00:34:08,389 --> 00:34:06,419
and we can use that water maybe for

824
00:34:11,030 --> 00:34:08,399
ourselves but we can break it down into

825
00:34:13,250 --> 00:34:11,040
hydrogen and oxygen maybe even make

826
00:34:15,409 --> 00:34:13,260
things like fuel or use the the oxygen

827
00:34:17,510 --> 00:34:15,419
to breathe so it's it is really

828
00:34:20,290 --> 00:34:17,520
different like but but it's all part of

829
00:34:23,329 --> 00:34:20,300
an arc or a trajectory of exploration

830
00:34:24,710 --> 00:34:23,339
it's not that Apollo and Artemis are

831
00:34:26,570 --> 00:34:24,720
different than each other it's just a

832
00:34:29,329 --> 00:34:26,580
different stage of learning how to

833
00:34:31,430 --> 00:34:29,339
explore deep space so Apollo did those

834
00:34:34,129 --> 00:34:31,440
first trips to the moon and we learned

835
00:34:36,230 --> 00:34:34,139
so much from Apollo uh since then we've

836
00:34:38,629 --> 00:34:36,240
been sending orbiters and Landers to the

837
00:34:40,909 --> 00:34:38,639
Moon from various countries around the

838
00:34:42,290 --> 00:34:40,919
globe learning about the moon and that's

839
00:34:44,930 --> 00:34:42,300
how we learned that that water is

840
00:34:47,389 --> 00:34:44,940
actually there and so now we're in this

841
00:34:49,909 --> 00:34:47,399
position for Artemis which is just

842
00:34:51,829 --> 00:34:49,919
wonderful where we can go and start to

843
00:34:53,810 --> 00:34:51,839
actually spend more time on the surface

844
00:34:55,669 --> 00:34:53,820
of the Moon and get to the point where

845
00:34:57,950 --> 00:34:55,679
we actually have reusable infrastructure

846
00:35:00,650 --> 00:34:57,960
if we can take something along like a

847
00:35:03,349 --> 00:35:00,660
small vehicle that we can drive around

848
00:35:05,450 --> 00:35:03,359
the late Apollo missions took one on

849
00:35:07,310 --> 00:35:05,460
each land but if we can take one and

850
00:35:08,930 --> 00:35:07,320
just reuse it then we don't have to

851
00:35:10,430 --> 00:35:08,940
bring one on each time and that leaves

852
00:35:12,470 --> 00:35:10,440
more space for us to bring other things

853
00:35:14,030 --> 00:35:12,480
like more science experiments or to take

854
00:35:15,230 --> 00:35:14,040
more rocks home or samples from the

855
00:35:17,329 --> 00:35:15,240
lunar surface

856
00:35:19,310 --> 00:35:17,339
so you know they're different but

857
00:35:21,770 --> 00:35:19,320
they're building on each other they're

858
00:35:24,109 --> 00:35:21,780
learning Artemis is learning from Apollo

859
00:35:26,270 --> 00:35:24,119
all the other spacecraft that have been

860
00:35:28,370 --> 00:35:26,280
there since Apollo to put us in this

861
00:35:30,069 --> 00:35:28,380
just great chance to go explore the

862
00:35:33,050 --> 00:35:30,079
unknown

863
00:35:34,849 --> 00:35:33,060
and I think you touched on them a little

864
00:35:37,310 --> 00:35:34,859
bit Jake but also one of the great

865
00:35:39,370 --> 00:35:37,320
differences between the two is Artemis

866
00:35:42,349 --> 00:35:39,380
is really an international Cooperative

867
00:35:45,109 --> 00:35:42,359
effort also we have lots of Partners

868
00:35:48,410 --> 00:35:45,119
around the world who are super excited

869
00:35:51,410 --> 00:35:48,420
to help the US explore the moon again I

870
00:35:54,230 --> 00:35:51,420
find that really great fascinating

871
00:35:55,250 --> 00:35:54,240
yeah this is it you know we talk about

872
00:36:04,790 --> 00:35:55,260
this

873
00:36:07,790 --> 00:36:04,800
uh and and we're going together uh just

874
00:36:10,970 --> 00:36:07,800
just on this light uh the European Space

875
00:36:13,430 --> 00:36:10,980
Agency provided um an element of Orion

876
00:36:16,609 --> 00:36:13,440
that helped helped us uh steer it and

877
00:36:19,010 --> 00:36:16,619
fly through space the service module

878
00:36:21,589 --> 00:36:19,020
um so a piece of that mission came from

879
00:36:24,050 --> 00:36:21,599
several other countries um over in

880
00:36:25,490 --> 00:36:24,060
Europe and several of the payloads the

881
00:36:27,349 --> 00:36:25,500
secondary payloads we talk about those

882
00:36:30,650 --> 00:36:27,359
cubesats that will not were provided by

883
00:36:32,530 --> 00:36:30,660
other countries uh so you know the all

884
00:36:35,210 --> 00:36:32,540
of it is learning how to work together

885
00:36:37,670 --> 00:36:35,220
uh be partners

886
00:36:39,829 --> 00:36:37,680
um what's also neat about it is it's not

887
00:36:41,390 --> 00:36:39,839
just International we're partnering with

888
00:36:44,210 --> 00:36:41,400
companies who are building the

889
00:36:46,069 --> 00:36:44,220
spacecraft for us now so the SLS the

890
00:36:48,109 --> 00:36:46,079
space launch system which is the rocket

891
00:36:49,250 --> 00:36:48,119
and the Orion crew capsule those were

892
00:36:50,690 --> 00:36:49,260
NASA

893
00:36:52,849 --> 00:36:50,700
um spacecraft built with some of our

894
00:36:55,430 --> 00:36:52,859
contractors but many of the future

895
00:36:56,870 --> 00:36:55,440
elements the Landers the vehicles on the

896
00:36:59,089 --> 00:36:56,880
surface they're going to be coming from

897
00:37:01,130 --> 00:36:59,099
companies that that we all know and know

898
00:37:02,870 --> 00:37:01,140
the names of that are that are going to

899
00:37:04,970 --> 00:37:02,880
be building those for us and so it just

900
00:37:06,710 --> 00:37:04,980
really is this wonderful like I

901
00:37:08,690 --> 00:37:06,720
described being at the Artemis one

902
00:37:10,970 --> 00:37:08,700
launch it's just this like comforting

903
00:37:13,190 --> 00:37:10,980
supportive environment where you know

904
00:37:15,349 --> 00:37:13,200
just people from all around the globe

905
00:37:17,030 --> 00:37:15,359
were paying attention and excited to see

906
00:37:19,370 --> 00:37:17,040
what was happening

907
00:37:20,810 --> 00:37:19,380
there's something so poetic about what

908
00:37:22,790 --> 00:37:20,820
you just said you said we are going

909
00:37:24,950 --> 00:37:22,800
together I don't know there's just

910
00:37:26,870 --> 00:37:24,960
something very heartwarming about that

911
00:37:29,270 --> 00:37:26,880
that it's all humankind

912
00:37:32,210 --> 00:37:29,280
so sharmila I got a question for you

913
00:37:34,250 --> 00:37:32,220
here at Karina yeah on Twitter asks why

914
00:37:36,109 --> 00:37:34,260
did they use yeast and bacteria in their

915
00:37:39,530 --> 00:37:36,119
experiments

916
00:37:42,650 --> 00:37:39,540
yeah another excellent question so you

917
00:37:46,970 --> 00:37:42,660
know because as we've been discussing uh

918
00:37:49,790 --> 00:37:46,980
Artemis one is is the start you know a

919
00:37:52,370 --> 00:37:49,800
renewal of a program you know within

920
00:37:56,109 --> 00:37:52,380
NASA to help us continue to explore

921
00:38:00,290 --> 00:37:56,119
these these new places so as a result

922
00:38:02,569 --> 00:38:00,300
the primary goal of this Vision was to

923
00:38:05,270 --> 00:38:02,579
make sure that we got the Rockets and

924
00:38:08,990 --> 00:38:05,280
the Orion crew capsule and all of this

925
00:38:11,630 --> 00:38:09,000
working safely and effectively so the

926
00:38:15,050 --> 00:38:11,640
science that came along came along for

927
00:38:19,150 --> 00:38:15,060
the ride you know NASA is you know as

928
00:38:22,130 --> 00:38:19,160
you know you know is is a very heavily

929
00:38:24,349 --> 00:38:22,140
science based and you know science

930
00:38:27,349 --> 00:38:24,359
interested organization

931
00:38:29,930 --> 00:38:27,359
and so we didn't want to to lose that

932
00:38:32,329 --> 00:38:29,940
opportunity to do valuable signs but at

933
00:38:34,910 --> 00:38:32,339
the same time we didn't want to risk the

934
00:38:37,069 --> 00:38:34,920
primary goal of this Mission which was

935
00:38:39,530 --> 00:38:37,079
to ensure that we could get back to

936
00:38:41,810 --> 00:38:39,540
these new environments safely so

937
00:38:44,329 --> 00:38:41,820
therefore the experiments that we

938
00:38:46,730 --> 00:38:44,339
selected to go on these first mission

939
00:38:50,150 --> 00:38:46,740
and the same is actually true for the

940
00:38:53,270 --> 00:38:50,160
next mission uh is you know these are

941
00:38:56,329 --> 00:38:53,280
more robust organisms they're very good

942
00:38:58,730 --> 00:38:56,339
biological models though for doing uh

943
00:39:01,430 --> 00:38:58,740
biology research on Earth

944
00:39:03,950 --> 00:39:01,440
in fact these have been workhorses that

945
00:39:06,470 --> 00:39:03,960
have been used on Earth for many decades

946
00:39:09,829 --> 00:39:06,480
now and help us understand fundamental

947
00:39:12,050 --> 00:39:09,839
biology about how you know genes uh you

948
00:39:14,450 --> 00:39:12,060
know within the DNA get transcribed and

949
00:39:17,329 --> 00:39:14,460
make RNA and make protein you know all

950
00:39:20,210 --> 00:39:17,339
of this was initially worked out in

951
00:39:23,690 --> 00:39:20,220
systems like the yeast cells and

952
00:39:27,650 --> 00:39:23,700
bacterial cells and so on and so uh you

953
00:39:29,569 --> 00:39:27,660
know the the the intent was to find

954
00:39:31,970 --> 00:39:29,579
something that's scientifically very

955
00:39:34,849 --> 00:39:31,980
important but at the same time very

956
00:39:36,650 --> 00:39:34,859
robust so to give you an example you

957
00:39:40,130 --> 00:39:36,660
know for some of the experiments we had

958
00:39:41,810 --> 00:39:40,140
to load them weeks ahead of and in some

959
00:39:44,750 --> 00:39:41,820
cases actually for some of the free

960
00:39:48,109 --> 00:39:44,760
Flyers we had to load the biology months

961
00:39:51,470 --> 00:39:48,119
before Artemis one actually launched so

962
00:39:53,450 --> 00:39:51,480
we couldn't really fly experiments that

963
00:39:56,089 --> 00:39:53,460
needed you know a lot of tender loving

964
00:39:59,050 --> 00:39:56,099
care for themselves because we were not

965
00:40:02,450 --> 00:39:59,060
going to be able to access those

966
00:40:04,849 --> 00:40:02,460
payloads or those experiments still you

967
00:40:08,150 --> 00:40:04,859
know uh many weeks or many months before

968
00:40:10,250 --> 00:40:08,160
launch and so the art here

969
00:40:12,829 --> 00:40:10,260
was to pick things that would give us

970
00:40:15,589 --> 00:40:12,839
very good science but at the same time

971
00:40:17,750 --> 00:40:15,599
would be able to withstand some of the

972
00:40:21,170 --> 00:40:17,760
engineering requirements you know which

973
00:40:23,150 --> 00:40:21,180
required us to do testing on various

974
00:40:26,030 --> 00:40:23,160
components of the rocket and the crew

975
00:40:28,069 --> 00:40:26,040
crew capsule uh before we can do our

976
00:40:31,790 --> 00:40:28,079
science and so so that's what went

977
00:40:34,069 --> 00:40:31,800
behind the thought of how to pick what

978
00:40:36,050 --> 00:40:34,079
kind of science we do

979
00:40:37,069 --> 00:40:36,060
yeah and I think you touched on it for

980
00:40:39,109 --> 00:40:37,079
Karina

981
00:40:42,230 --> 00:40:39,119
um a lot of what we know about the human

982
00:40:44,630 --> 00:40:42,240
body today if you traced it back we

983
00:40:47,089 --> 00:40:44,640
started learning about it in bacteria or

984
00:40:49,490 --> 00:40:47,099
Yeast or similar organisms so we'll be

985
00:40:51,170 --> 00:40:49,500
able to learn so much from these even

986
00:40:53,870 --> 00:40:51,180
though they're you know they seem like

987
00:40:55,910 --> 00:40:53,880
they would be too small or ineffective

988
00:40:58,609 --> 00:40:55,920
they're actually really great organisms

989
00:40:59,990 --> 00:40:58,619
for us to learn more about fundamental

990
00:41:01,730 --> 00:41:00,000
biology

991
00:41:04,069 --> 00:41:01,740
um so and I think that's exactly right

992
00:41:06,530 --> 00:41:04,079
sharmila so as we mentioned before

993
00:41:09,589 --> 00:41:06,540
Artemis one has a few hitchhikers on

994
00:41:11,569 --> 00:41:09,599
board the idea of these small secondary

995
00:41:14,210 --> 00:41:11,579
payloads is to make the most of the

996
00:41:16,790 --> 00:41:14,220
space launch rocket system this the

997
00:41:18,349 --> 00:41:16,800
space launch system rocket sorry and you

998
00:41:21,109 --> 00:41:18,359
it did not sound right coming out there

999
00:41:23,810 --> 00:41:21,119
these shoebox size Cube sets are not

1000
00:41:25,730 --> 00:41:23,820
related to the primary Mission but each

1001
00:41:27,410 --> 00:41:25,740
one will carry out different science and

1002
00:41:30,770 --> 00:41:27,420
technology demonstrations like you heard

1003
00:41:33,349 --> 00:41:30,780
Jake talk about before so from searching

1004
00:41:35,770 --> 00:41:33,359
for water ice and mapping the lunar

1005
00:41:38,390 --> 00:41:35,780
surface to technology demonstrations

1006
00:41:40,609 --> 00:41:38,400
these cubesats allow us to learn how to

1007
00:41:43,069 --> 00:41:40,619
reduce risk and improve our systems

1008
00:41:45,290 --> 00:41:43,079
overall for future missions to learn

1009
00:41:47,829 --> 00:41:45,300
more about the cubesats on Artemis 1 and

1010
00:41:51,890 --> 00:41:47,839
their missions visit

1011
00:41:53,810 --> 00:41:51,900
go.nasa.gov Artemis science now let's

1012
00:41:56,150 --> 00:41:53,820
take more of the questions that you have

1013
00:41:57,530 --> 00:41:56,160
and sharmila and Jake I've been taking a

1014
00:41:59,589 --> 00:41:57,540
peek at them and they're getting even

1015
00:42:01,970 --> 00:41:59,599
better and better such intelligent

1016
00:42:06,710 --> 00:42:01,980
insightful questions from our audience

1017
00:42:08,569 --> 00:42:06,720
today let's see so JJ on YouTube asks he

1018
00:42:10,970 --> 00:42:08,579
says I have two related questions for

1019
00:42:16,010 --> 00:42:10,980
you what are the moon again Phantoms

1020
00:42:17,630 --> 00:42:16,020
made out of and at love vengem I think

1021
00:42:20,569 --> 00:42:17,640
and sorry about these names if I get

1022
00:42:22,430 --> 00:42:20,579
them wrong on Twitter wants to know why

1023
00:42:25,010 --> 00:42:22,440
is it so important for us to study

1024
00:42:27,290 --> 00:42:25,020
radiation of the female body so Jacob

1025
00:42:29,569 --> 00:42:27,300
we'll start with you

1026
00:42:31,790 --> 00:42:29,579
well the the reason it's important to

1027
00:42:34,190 --> 00:42:31,800
study it we have sent people to the Moon

1028
00:42:36,589 --> 00:42:34,200
uh but all of the astronauts that went

1029
00:42:39,050 --> 00:42:36,599
to the moon were men so it's really

1030
00:42:41,210 --> 00:42:39,060
important for us to collect some data to

1031
00:42:43,130 --> 00:42:41,220
begin filling in uh that lack of

1032
00:42:44,810 --> 00:42:43,140
information that we have for what

1033
00:42:46,730 --> 00:42:44,820
happens to the female body when we

1034
00:42:48,950 --> 00:42:46,740
travel through deep space

1035
00:42:52,130 --> 00:42:48,960
um so that's one of the reasons that uh

1036
00:42:55,250 --> 00:42:52,140
the the uh Helga and Zohar were designed

1037
00:42:57,710 --> 00:42:55,260
to mimic a female body so we can collect

1038
00:42:59,750 --> 00:42:57,720
some of that data as for what it's made

1039
00:43:02,750 --> 00:42:59,760
out of it's made of material to

1040
00:43:04,970 --> 00:43:02,760
replicate some of the DNA that um that

1041
00:43:07,430 --> 00:43:04,980
makes up a female body as opposed to a

1042
00:43:09,829 --> 00:43:07,440
male body and so together

1043
00:43:11,930 --> 00:43:09,839
uh going out there one wearing a

1044
00:43:14,450 --> 00:43:11,940
protective vest and one not wearing the

1045
00:43:16,790 --> 00:43:14,460
best they can begin to look at what is

1046
00:43:18,770 --> 00:43:16,800
the uh what is the result if you have

1047
00:43:21,230 --> 00:43:18,780
none of that protection versus having

1048
00:43:23,809 --> 00:43:21,240
some of that protection there so again

1049
00:43:26,809 --> 00:43:23,819
we have some data from our Apollo

1050
00:43:28,849 --> 00:43:26,819
Astronauts that tells us about how the

1051
00:43:30,950 --> 00:43:28,859
male body responded to that deep space

1052
00:43:33,589 --> 00:43:30,960
environment and now we've collected some

1053
00:43:35,329 --> 00:43:33,599
of that information with Artemis one to

1054
00:43:37,309 --> 00:43:35,339
help fill out and have a more robust

1055
00:43:40,069 --> 00:43:37,319
understanding that actually represents

1056
00:43:42,170 --> 00:43:40,079
our astronaut um the the breadth of our

1057
00:43:44,150 --> 00:43:42,180
astronauts today

1058
00:43:46,550 --> 00:43:44,160
I'm so glad they asked those questions

1059
00:43:48,349 --> 00:43:46,560
because I didn't even think about why we

1060
00:43:49,790 --> 00:43:48,359
were modeling and had these female

1061
00:43:51,589 --> 00:43:49,800
mannequins on board but that makes

1062
00:43:55,730 --> 00:43:51,599
perfect sense now that you say it Jake

1063
00:43:58,550 --> 00:43:55,740
all right so for you sharmila at Simone

1064
00:44:01,010 --> 00:43:58,560
Joe Moore on Facebook asks us with the

1065
00:44:03,589 --> 00:44:01,020
bio experiments are we also looking at

1066
00:44:06,890 --> 00:44:03,599
how we might need to bio adapt and not

1067
00:44:14,030 --> 00:44:11,030
yeah another great question Simone so

1068
00:44:15,410 --> 00:44:14,040
um yes adaptation is definitely you know

1069
00:44:17,990 --> 00:44:15,420
especially as we're going to do

1070
00:44:19,670 --> 00:44:18,000
long-term space exploration in the

1071
00:44:21,470 --> 00:44:19,680
future you know going to Mars and back

1072
00:44:23,630 --> 00:44:21,480
is going to be something like a two to

1073
00:44:26,030 --> 00:44:23,640
three year round trip and then you know

1074
00:44:29,329 --> 00:44:26,040
couple with that you know time to stay

1075
00:44:32,510 --> 00:44:29,339
on Mars so we are increasingly going to

1076
00:44:35,750 --> 00:44:32,520
have to look at uh spending more time

1077
00:44:37,730 --> 00:44:35,760
there so yes some of the studies are

1078
00:44:38,870 --> 00:44:37,740
definitely going to begin to look at

1079
00:44:41,630 --> 00:44:38,880
that

1080
00:44:44,329 --> 00:44:41,640
but you remember this was a relatively

1081
00:44:46,849 --> 00:44:44,339
short duration trip uh because again we

1082
00:44:48,829 --> 00:44:46,859
wanted the capsule back having said that

1083
00:44:50,270 --> 00:44:48,839
you know sent to an experiment that I

1084
00:44:53,569 --> 00:44:50,280
mentioned that is going towards the

1085
00:44:56,329 --> 00:44:53,579
heliocentric orbit uh that one for

1086
00:44:59,750 --> 00:44:56,339
example uh you know is going to look at

1087
00:45:02,030 --> 00:44:59,760
long-term longer term exposure and so

1088
00:45:03,410 --> 00:45:02,040
we're going to look at almost six months

1089
00:45:06,109 --> 00:45:03,420
or more you know as long as we can get

1090
00:45:08,750 --> 00:45:06,119
the data back we will continue to do

1091
00:45:11,329 --> 00:45:08,760
that research and so you're absolutely

1092
00:45:13,910 --> 00:45:11,339
right some of the changes that we will

1093
00:45:16,550 --> 00:45:13,920
be looking at are the the immediate

1094
00:45:18,470 --> 00:45:16,560
changes and therefore you know what can

1095
00:45:20,750 --> 00:45:18,480
you do you know what can you learn from

1096
00:45:22,309 --> 00:45:20,760
some of that but then some of the data

1097
00:45:24,890 --> 00:45:22,319
will actually Point towards the

1098
00:45:27,530 --> 00:45:24,900
long-term changes which will hint more

1099
00:45:29,990 --> 00:45:27,540
towards you know how do you acclimate uh

1100
00:45:32,510 --> 00:45:30,000
and over many generations of cell growth

1101
00:45:34,670 --> 00:45:32,520
you know how do you actually adapt to

1102
00:45:37,849 --> 00:45:34,680
these environments so yes great question

1103
00:45:39,890 --> 00:45:37,859
yes that those are definitely along the

1104
00:45:42,109 --> 00:45:39,900
lines of what we're are interested in

1105
00:45:44,870 --> 00:45:42,119
for the science

1106
00:45:46,730 --> 00:45:44,880
that's great thanks shamila okay Jake

1107
00:45:48,950 --> 00:45:46,740
I've got a great question for you it

1108
00:45:51,650 --> 00:45:48,960
sounds like a lot of people online are

1109
00:45:53,870 --> 00:45:51,660
asking about Snoopy so Jake do you know

1110
00:45:56,150 --> 00:45:53,880
how he's doing and can you explain his

1111
00:45:58,730 --> 00:45:56,160
role on the mission

1112
00:46:01,490 --> 00:45:58,740
yeah so Snoopy's long been associated

1113
00:46:04,309 --> 00:46:01,500
with our our astronaut flights

1114
00:46:06,470 --> 00:46:04,319
um it's uh he's always been a part of

1115
00:46:09,650 --> 00:46:06,480
that I think he's just kind of a a

1116
00:46:11,450 --> 00:46:09,660
recognized part of human nature uh you

1117
00:46:13,609 --> 00:46:11,460
know he's always flying around on his

1118
00:46:15,470 --> 00:46:13,619
dog house and he leads the way for

1119
00:46:18,829 --> 00:46:15,480
exploring and so he's always

1120
00:46:22,130 --> 00:46:18,839
participated with NASA and his specific

1121
00:46:24,589 --> 00:46:22,140
job on the mission uh for Artemis one is

1122
00:46:26,990 --> 00:46:24,599
to help us understand when we're out of

1123
00:46:29,270 --> 00:46:27,000
that gravitational field so when you see

1124
00:46:32,450 --> 00:46:29,280
Snoopy starting to kind of float up

1125
00:46:34,609 --> 00:46:32,460
around you know that you now are no

1126
00:46:36,950 --> 00:46:34,619
longer in that gravitational field and

1127
00:46:40,130 --> 00:46:36,960
in fact when you look at any NASA launch

1128
00:46:42,050 --> 00:46:40,140
with crew they have one of these gravity

1129
00:46:45,349 --> 00:46:42,060
indicators as well and sometimes they

1130
00:46:47,569 --> 00:46:45,359
bring along a Memento that means more to

1131
00:46:49,609 --> 00:46:47,579
them but on this flight this important

1132
00:46:52,069 --> 00:46:49,619
flight Artemis wants soupy's the The

1133
00:46:53,930 --> 00:46:52,079
Ride Along for us so Snoopy came home in

1134
00:46:56,150 --> 00:46:53,940
the Orion splashed down in the Pacific

1135
00:46:59,089 --> 00:46:56,160
Ocean probably has some really awesome

1136
00:47:00,710 --> 00:46:59,099
stories to tell us but for sure has been

1137
00:47:02,870 --> 00:47:00,720
telling us what the gravitational field

1138
00:47:04,390 --> 00:47:02,880
is like during uh during the armist one

1139
00:47:07,609 --> 00:47:04,400
mission

1140
00:47:10,370 --> 00:47:07,619
I love that Jake oh my goodness Snoopy

1141
00:47:12,410 --> 00:47:10,380
is beloved in our culture for sure let's

1142
00:47:14,089 --> 00:47:12,420
see so a viewer on Twitter asks and

1143
00:47:16,069 --> 00:47:14,099
sharmila I'm going to start I'm going to

1144
00:47:18,349 --> 00:47:16,079
hand this one to you will there be

1145
00:47:19,790 --> 00:47:18,359
something like the DNA sequencer that is

1146
00:47:22,069 --> 00:47:19,800
used by the astronauts on the

1147
00:47:24,650 --> 00:47:22,079
International Space Station and if used

1148
00:47:26,569 --> 00:47:24,660
on the Orion for Artemis 2 and 3 could

1149
00:47:29,390 --> 00:47:26,579
it determine radiation damage to

1150
00:47:31,910 --> 00:47:29,400
microbes on board Orion I told you these

1151
00:47:34,130 --> 00:47:31,920
questions are getting tougher and

1152
00:47:37,430 --> 00:47:34,140
they're awesome yes

1153
00:47:40,970 --> 00:47:37,440
yes fabulous question and so the answer

1154
00:47:44,089 --> 00:47:40,980
is absolutely yes so you know over time

1155
00:47:46,730 --> 00:47:44,099
we are in fact exactly going to be doing

1156
00:47:49,069 --> 00:47:46,740
what you suggest which is we're going to

1157
00:47:51,710 --> 00:47:49,079
be taking up more and more of the tools

1158
00:47:54,470 --> 00:47:51,720
that we use on the International Space

1159
00:47:57,230 --> 00:47:54,480
Station for example which really help us

1160
00:47:58,730 --> 00:47:57,240
to do our science so we can do it you

1161
00:48:01,609 --> 00:47:58,740
know on the surface of the Moon for

1162
00:48:04,309 --> 00:48:01,619
example having said that let me also

1163
00:48:07,910 --> 00:48:04,319
tell you that one of the experiments on

1164
00:48:09,890 --> 00:48:07,920
that bio experiment One Suite uh one of

1165
00:48:13,010 --> 00:48:09,900
them is specifically going to look at

1166
00:48:16,069 --> 00:48:13,020
what we call omix changes which covers

1167
00:48:18,349 --> 00:48:16,079
exactly what you're asking which is you

1168
00:48:20,050 --> 00:48:18,359
you know if you sequence the RNA for

1169
00:48:23,870 --> 00:48:20,060
example and you look at what is called

1170
00:48:26,870 --> 00:48:23,880
transcriptomics it gives you a sense of

1171
00:48:29,870 --> 00:48:26,880
how the DNA and those genes inside the

1172
00:48:32,990 --> 00:48:29,880
DNA how do they respond in this novel

1173
00:48:34,849 --> 00:48:33,000
environment and so we are going to do

1174
00:48:37,490 --> 00:48:34,859
that for example we're going to get that

1175
00:48:40,010 --> 00:48:37,500
information but it is going to be done

1176
00:48:41,870 --> 00:48:40,020
on the samples that have come back to

1177
00:48:44,510 --> 00:48:41,880
earth this time you know because bio

1178
00:48:46,609 --> 00:48:44,520
experiment one is coming back has come

1179
00:48:49,130 --> 00:48:46,619
back and most of the science is going to

1180
00:48:52,309 --> 00:48:49,140
be down on on the ground

1181
00:48:56,150 --> 00:48:52,319
um so but but again that you know what

1182
00:48:58,490 --> 00:48:56,160
you say that is real time sequencing in

1183
00:49:01,329 --> 00:48:58,500
space you know on samples that are

1184
00:49:03,829 --> 00:49:01,339
flying in space can absolutely be done

1185
00:49:06,170 --> 00:49:03,839
and definitely is something that we're

1186
00:49:09,109 --> 00:49:06,180
going to do and the other advantage of

1187
00:49:11,230 --> 00:49:09,119
doing what you suggest is that many of

1188
00:49:14,450 --> 00:49:11,240
these operations are usually automated

1189
00:49:17,210 --> 00:49:14,460
and so the more automated we can make it

1190
00:49:20,270 --> 00:49:17,220
the easier it will be for us to do the

1191
00:49:23,089 --> 00:49:20,280
signs in future on the lunar surface so

1192
00:49:25,550 --> 00:49:23,099
absolutely yes yeah great question and

1193
00:49:28,670 --> 00:49:25,560
uh totally on the on the right track for

1194
00:49:31,130 --> 00:49:28,680
what we're interested in doing

1195
00:49:34,370 --> 00:49:31,140
I agree that was a great question from

1196
00:49:38,210 --> 00:49:34,380
our Twitter audience let's see Jake this

1197
00:49:41,210 --> 00:49:38,220
one is from electro Electro Boy 8128 on

1198
00:49:43,309 --> 00:49:41,220
YouTube he asks when will Artemis 2

1199
00:49:46,250 --> 00:49:43,319
launch

1200
00:49:48,109 --> 00:49:46,260
yeah so Artemis 2 uh if everything

1201
00:49:49,970 --> 00:49:48,119
continues to go well for us we're

1202
00:49:53,390 --> 00:49:49,980
expecting to be able to launch Artemis 2

1203
00:49:54,829 --> 00:49:53,400
in uh the year 2024. so we need a little

1204
00:49:57,650 --> 00:49:54,839
bit of time to just make sure we

1205
00:49:59,990 --> 00:49:57,660
understand uh exactly how uh Orion

1206
00:50:01,670 --> 00:50:00,000
performed in the SLS the space launch

1207
00:50:03,290 --> 00:50:01,680
system performed

1208
00:50:05,390 --> 00:50:03,300
um as we pull all that information

1209
00:50:07,790 --> 00:50:05,400
together we'll begin planning that that

1210
00:50:10,130 --> 00:50:07,800
next Artemis launch so Artemis 2 in the

1211
00:50:12,349 --> 00:50:10,140
year 2024 we'll have our astronaut

1212
00:50:13,970 --> 00:50:12,359
friends on board and it's going to do

1213
00:50:15,950 --> 00:50:13,980
something similar we'll fly out around

1214
00:50:18,890 --> 00:50:15,960
the moon and it will teach us again

1215
00:50:21,230 --> 00:50:18,900
about how um how to fly out in that deep

1216
00:50:23,510 --> 00:50:21,240
space environment what that environment

1217
00:50:25,790 --> 00:50:23,520
is like but this time it'll be super

1218
00:50:27,349 --> 00:50:25,800
cool with the astronauts on board you

1219
00:50:29,510 --> 00:50:27,359
know they all have to bring along stuff

1220
00:50:31,490 --> 00:50:29,520
like water and food and clothing so

1221
00:50:33,470 --> 00:50:31,500
we're gonna really start to load up the

1222
00:50:35,569 --> 00:50:33,480
Orion and see how it handles when it's

1223
00:50:37,490 --> 00:50:35,579
carrying more of the mass that it can so

1224
00:50:39,710 --> 00:50:37,500
like you think about driving your car

1225
00:50:41,089 --> 00:50:39,720
maybe the school or to work you probably

1226
00:50:42,589 --> 00:50:41,099
don't load it up but if you're going

1227
00:50:45,050 --> 00:50:42,599
like across the country to visit

1228
00:50:47,930 --> 00:50:45,060
somebody you really pack all your stuff

1229
00:50:49,790 --> 00:50:47,940
in there and so ultimately Orion will

1230
00:50:52,609 --> 00:50:49,800
need to do that on its flights to the

1231
00:50:54,829 --> 00:50:52,619
moon and we have to learn like the prior

1232
00:50:57,349 --> 00:50:54,839
question about uh the types of science

1233
00:50:59,870 --> 00:50:57,359
we might carry so we need to learn how

1234
00:51:01,670 --> 00:50:59,880
much mass we can carry along with us and

1235
00:51:04,370 --> 00:51:01,680
as we learn how well the vehicle

1236
00:51:06,950 --> 00:51:04,380
performs through these test flights that

1237
00:51:08,690 --> 00:51:06,960
will teach us how to pack it how much we

1238
00:51:11,569 --> 00:51:08,700
can put in there how much science we can

1239
00:51:13,849 --> 00:51:11,579
take along and it's all part of this

1240
00:51:15,410 --> 00:51:13,859
whole process of learning as we go and

1241
00:51:17,390 --> 00:51:15,420
learning with each flight and learning

1242
00:51:19,370 --> 00:51:17,400
from the science that we take along that

1243
00:51:22,549 --> 00:51:19,380
puts us in a position to do next flight

1244
00:51:25,190 --> 00:51:22,559
so 2024 is our goal for uh for flying

1245
00:51:27,950 --> 00:51:25,200
that Orion with some astronauts inside

1246
00:51:30,770 --> 00:51:27,960
yeah and all three of us are parents and

1247
00:51:34,190 --> 00:51:30,780
I get a bunch of our audience too it is

1248
00:51:36,710 --> 00:51:34,200
too and we all know that 2024 might seem

1249
00:51:38,750 --> 00:51:36,720
like it's a long way away but when you

1250
00:51:41,150 --> 00:51:38,760
think about it it's like right around

1251
00:51:43,609 --> 00:51:41,160
the corner so it's really not that far

1252
00:51:45,589 --> 00:51:43,619
away I start measuring things in terms

1253
00:51:49,250 --> 00:51:45,599
of how tall my children get overnight so

1254
00:51:50,650 --> 00:51:49,260
I know 2024 is not that far away let's

1255
00:51:53,930 --> 00:51:50,660
see

1256
00:51:55,790 --> 00:51:53,940
Humberto Silva on YouTube asks and this

1257
00:51:58,010 --> 00:51:55,800
is for both of you Jake or sharmila will

1258
00:52:02,210 --> 00:51:58,020
start with you what is the most

1259
00:52:09,710 --> 00:52:06,950
ooh great question so so one of the

1260
00:52:12,470 --> 00:52:09,720
things that that Jake alluded to in the

1261
00:52:14,450 --> 00:52:12,480
pre previous question was that this one

1262
00:52:17,150 --> 00:52:14,460
doesn't have crew on it right because

1263
00:52:19,010 --> 00:52:17,160
this is the test flight sort of valid

1264
00:52:21,650 --> 00:52:19,020
all the systems work and everything is

1265
00:52:25,430 --> 00:52:21,660
nominal before we put crew in there so

1266
00:52:27,829 --> 00:52:25,440
one of the things that this made uh you

1267
00:52:30,890 --> 00:52:27,839
know made it a bit of a challenge if you

1268
00:52:32,569 --> 00:52:30,900
please for doing science is that you

1269
00:52:34,490 --> 00:52:32,579
know unlike on the International Space

1270
00:52:36,410 --> 00:52:34,500
Station or in the space shuttle in the

1271
00:52:39,170 --> 00:52:36,420
past or on the mirror space station

1272
00:52:42,950 --> 00:52:39,180
where you always had astronauts or

1273
00:52:45,650 --> 00:52:42,960
cosmonauts or people there uh the crew

1274
00:52:48,829 --> 00:52:45,660
was helping us do science right they

1275
00:52:51,109 --> 00:52:48,839
were our you know research assistants

1276
00:52:53,510 --> 00:52:51,119
and our technicians doing the research

1277
00:52:56,809 --> 00:52:53,520
that we needed done this one though

1278
00:52:59,510 --> 00:52:56,819
didn't have that assistance so we had to

1279
00:53:02,569 --> 00:52:59,520
figure out ways in which you could

1280
00:53:06,109 --> 00:53:02,579
either automate the experiments like we

1281
00:53:07,910 --> 00:53:06,119
did for by a sentinel one or where you

1282
00:53:10,250 --> 00:53:07,920
would do the bulk of the very

1283
00:53:12,230 --> 00:53:10,260
complicated analysis after you get it

1284
00:53:14,210 --> 00:53:12,240
back which is what we're doing for Bio

1285
00:53:17,569 --> 00:53:14,220
experiment one so I would say that would

1286
00:53:20,089 --> 00:53:17,579
be one of the you know challenges uh you

1287
00:53:22,309 --> 00:53:20,099
know again in a way I wouldn't even call

1288
00:53:23,690 --> 00:53:22,319
it the challenge because because the

1289
00:53:25,849 --> 00:53:23,700
more you're forced to think of

1290
00:53:27,829 --> 00:53:25,859
innovative ways and different ways to do

1291
00:53:30,349 --> 00:53:27,839
science the more you come up with

1292
00:53:32,569 --> 00:53:30,359
intriguing you know novel ways to to

1293
00:53:34,730 --> 00:53:32,579
look at the same thing

1294
00:53:37,250 --> 00:53:34,740
um so I think you know in spite of all

1295
00:53:39,770 --> 00:53:37,260
of that we've we've managed to get quite

1296
00:53:42,530 --> 00:53:39,780
a nice collection of science experiments

1297
00:53:44,630 --> 00:53:42,540
on board but certainly that was was

1298
00:53:47,210 --> 00:53:44,640
something we had to contend with as we

1299
00:53:50,150 --> 00:53:47,220
were doing our planning

1300
00:53:52,430 --> 00:53:50,160
Ah that's great Jake what do you think

1301
00:53:53,630 --> 00:53:52,440
what is the most difficult thing on this

1302
00:53:56,210 --> 00:53:53,640
mission

1303
00:53:58,609 --> 00:53:56,220
well I think the one thing I want to do

1304
00:54:00,710 --> 00:53:58,619
is give a big huge shout out to all of

1305
00:54:01,609 --> 00:54:00,720
our engineering teams that worked on

1306
00:54:04,549 --> 00:54:01,619
this

1307
00:54:06,890 --> 00:54:04,559
um I think you can you can see a launch

1308
00:54:08,990 --> 00:54:06,900
and you can see a spacecraft splash down

1309
00:54:10,970 --> 00:54:09,000
in the ocean and you know you might

1310
00:54:13,430 --> 00:54:10,980
think a few people worked on that right

1311
00:54:15,349 --> 00:54:13,440
but the number of people that worked on

1312
00:54:17,930 --> 00:54:15,359
this and they're divided up into teams

1313
00:54:20,329 --> 00:54:17,940
who work on specific steps along the

1314
00:54:22,010 --> 00:54:20,339
process I think if you talk to any one

1315
00:54:23,870 --> 00:54:22,020
of them they would say whatever the part

1316
00:54:25,370 --> 00:54:23,880
was they worked on was probably the

1317
00:54:27,890 --> 00:54:25,380
hardest part and they're not wrong

1318
00:54:30,589 --> 00:54:27,900
because all of the steps have to work

1319
00:54:32,569 --> 00:54:30,599
seamlessly together to make a mission

1320
00:54:34,130 --> 00:54:32,579
like this work and I don't just mean the

1321
00:54:36,410 --> 00:54:34,140
engineers that work on the spacecraft I

1322
00:54:38,270 --> 00:54:36,420
mean Engineers that built the cubesats

1323
00:54:40,430 --> 00:54:38,280
that built the payloads like shamila was

1324
00:54:42,770 --> 00:54:40,440
talking about that road inside Orion

1325
00:54:44,870 --> 00:54:42,780
you know the tremendous amount of work

1326
00:54:45,829 --> 00:54:44,880
that went into making this Mission a

1327
00:54:48,950 --> 00:54:45,839
success

1328
00:54:51,650 --> 00:54:48,960
um there's not enough credit to hand out

1329
00:54:53,150 --> 00:54:51,660
um but the so many steps assembling the

1330
00:54:55,130 --> 00:54:53,160
whole vehicle inside the Vehicle

1331
00:54:57,410 --> 00:54:55,140
Assembly Building you know stacking

1332
00:55:00,290 --> 00:54:57,420
these pieces of the rocket together and

1333
00:55:02,329 --> 00:55:00,300
then putting the Orion on top uh rolling

1334
00:55:04,670 --> 00:55:02,339
it out to the launch pad the launch

1335
00:55:06,190 --> 00:55:04,680
obviously is a spectacular moment where

1336
00:55:08,750 --> 00:55:06,200
a whole bunch of things got to go right

1337
00:55:10,010 --> 00:55:08,760
uh but you know once it got up into

1338
00:55:11,750 --> 00:55:10,020
orbit

1339
00:55:14,630 --> 00:55:11,760
um you know getting the solar array

1340
00:55:16,790 --> 00:55:14,640
deployed moving the cubesats out

1341
00:55:18,770 --> 00:55:16,800
deploying the cubesats you know every

1342
00:55:20,750 --> 00:55:18,780
one of those steps taking Orion there

1343
00:55:22,790 --> 00:55:20,760
were a bunch of I mentioned already a

1344
00:55:25,370 --> 00:55:22,800
bunch of engine Burns we had to do to

1345
00:55:27,290 --> 00:55:25,380
keep it in the right trajectory every

1346
00:55:31,190 --> 00:55:27,300
one of those has to go well

1347
00:55:33,710 --> 00:55:31,200
um and you know for it's when you are

1348
00:55:35,930 --> 00:55:33,720
watching this and working inside NASA

1349
00:55:37,549 --> 00:55:35,940
you see these handoffs right it's like

1350
00:55:39,230 --> 00:55:37,559
we complete a step and now this

1351
00:55:40,670 --> 00:55:39,240
engineering team's nervous because they

1352
00:55:42,109 --> 00:55:40,680
got the next thing and then this

1353
00:55:44,089 --> 00:55:42,119
engineering team is nervous because

1354
00:55:46,270 --> 00:55:44,099
they've got the next thing in every

1355
00:55:48,890 --> 00:55:46,280
single one of them just nailed it so um

1356
00:55:51,109 --> 00:55:48,900
you know every step is hard space flight

1357
00:55:53,329 --> 00:55:51,119
is is it's a tough business you know but

1358
00:55:55,670 --> 00:55:53,339
we learn and we've learned from all the

1359
00:55:57,710 --> 00:55:55,680
predecessors I like to say you know the

1360
00:55:59,750 --> 00:55:57,720
uh the Isaac Newton phrase you know we

1361
00:56:01,910 --> 00:55:59,760
stand on the shoulder at Giants and it

1362
00:56:03,829 --> 00:56:01,920
certainly is true here

1363
00:56:05,930 --> 00:56:03,839
um and you know each one of these groups

1364
00:56:07,970 --> 00:56:05,940
just uh their step performed

1365
00:56:11,329 --> 00:56:07,980
phenomenally and puts us in a position

1366
00:56:14,030 --> 00:56:11,339
to uh to send astronauts to the Moon

1367
00:56:16,670 --> 00:56:14,040
yeah and as President Kennedy said we do

1368
00:56:18,770 --> 00:56:16,680
it because it's hard this is what drives

1369
00:56:21,410 --> 00:56:18,780
us challenges right Humanity's greatest

1370
00:56:23,390 --> 00:56:21,420
challenges that's what drives us all

1371
00:56:26,329 --> 00:56:23,400
right so let's see Travis Ramirez on

1372
00:56:28,609 --> 00:56:26,339
YouTube asks if you could go back and

1373
00:56:31,309 --> 00:56:28,619
add one thing to the Artemis One mission

1374
00:56:37,450 --> 00:56:31,319
what would it be sure Milo will start

1375
00:56:41,690 --> 00:56:40,250
yeah that's that's really making us

1376
00:56:45,410 --> 00:56:41,700
think here

1377
00:56:46,970 --> 00:56:45,420
what is the one thing that we would add

1378
00:56:49,130 --> 00:56:46,980
well if you want me to give you a moment

1379
00:56:51,230 --> 00:56:49,140
to thanks for Mila I can I can give you

1380
00:56:53,750 --> 00:56:51,240
an answer now that I know the mission

1381
00:56:56,030 --> 00:56:53,760
went so well and everything performed

1382
00:56:58,250 --> 00:56:56,040
phenomenally the one thing I'd add was a

1383
00:57:00,430 --> 00:56:58,260
piece of astronauts uh but we didn't

1384
00:57:02,569 --> 00:57:00,440
know that when we started

1385
00:57:07,930 --> 00:57:02,579
it was a test

1386
00:57:07,940 --> 00:57:12,730
knowing that the ride went well you know

1387
00:57:17,150 --> 00:57:16,069
that's an excellent question uh answer

1388
00:57:19,549 --> 00:57:17,160
Jake

1389
00:57:22,370 --> 00:57:19,559
um yeah you know I'll tell you you know

1390
00:57:25,190 --> 00:57:22,380
I would have said that let's add more

1391
00:57:26,569 --> 00:57:25,200
let's add science but you know we added

1392
00:57:30,349 --> 00:57:26,579
a lot of science

1393
00:57:32,930 --> 00:57:30,359
so you know we also had these mannequins

1394
00:57:34,910 --> 00:57:32,940
as Jake talked about which is so

1395
00:57:37,549 --> 00:57:34,920
valuable it's going to we really need

1396
00:57:40,849 --> 00:57:37,559
that information as we get prepared for

1397
00:57:43,790 --> 00:57:40,859
the next crude Mission so you know

1398
00:57:45,589 --> 00:57:43,800
Snoopy we can't do without Snoopy you

1399
00:57:48,109 --> 00:57:45,599
know so Snoopy was in there check check

1400
00:57:49,490 --> 00:57:48,119
check so really I can't think of

1401
00:57:51,170 --> 00:57:49,500
anything

1402
00:57:52,809 --> 00:57:51,180
um further that I would have done or

1403
00:57:56,450 --> 00:57:52,819
something I would have done differently

1404
00:57:59,270 --> 00:57:56,460
than than how this was done so as Jake

1405
00:58:02,089 --> 00:57:59,280
said you know hats off to the whole team

1406
00:58:04,790 --> 00:58:02,099
for thinking through this Mission so

1407
00:58:10,030 --> 00:58:04,800
carefully and really being able to check

1408
00:58:14,390 --> 00:58:12,410
I think one thing I would love to have

1409
00:58:16,549 --> 00:58:14,400
been able to do is just have everybody

1410
00:58:19,849 --> 00:58:16,559
be able to watch the launch

1411
00:58:23,089 --> 00:58:19,859
um you know and so Artemis is going to

1412
00:58:25,250 --> 00:58:23,099
be a series of launches and so I hope

1413
00:58:26,990 --> 00:58:25,260
that everybody out there that you know

1414
00:58:28,430 --> 00:58:27,000
is interested in this stuff gets a

1415
00:58:30,890 --> 00:58:28,440
chance to see one of these launches

1416
00:58:32,569 --> 00:58:30,900
whether it's from far away I mean you

1417
00:58:35,750 --> 00:58:32,579
you could see this one from pretty far

1418
00:58:38,390 --> 00:58:35,760
away uh but you know it's just it's an

1419
00:58:40,490 --> 00:58:38,400
amazing event to see something like this

1420
00:58:42,170 --> 00:58:40,500
um to launch a vehicle and it will be

1421
00:58:44,870 --> 00:58:42,180
even more so when we know our friends

1422
00:58:46,549 --> 00:58:44,880
are going along for the ride so

1423
00:58:48,829 --> 00:58:46,559
um I hope hope everybody gets a chance

1424
00:58:51,410 --> 00:58:48,839
to be involved in Artemis there will be

1425
00:58:52,789 --> 00:58:51,420
many opportunities going forward so

1426
00:58:54,890 --> 00:58:52,799
that's one thing I would definitely like

1427
00:58:57,349 --> 00:58:54,900
to like to see

1428
00:58:59,150 --> 00:58:57,359
well I think this is the perfect way to

1429
00:59:01,250 --> 00:58:59,160
wrap up our show that's all the time we

1430
00:59:02,930 --> 00:59:01,260
have left today I completely agree that

1431
00:59:04,970 --> 00:59:02,940
it was so successful we had so much

1432
00:59:07,490 --> 00:59:04,980
science on board all we were missing

1433
00:59:10,970 --> 00:59:07,500
were astronauts that is the perfect way

1434
00:59:13,970 --> 00:59:10,980
best lead into Artemis 2 coming in 2024.

1435
00:59:15,650 --> 00:59:13,980
so sharmila Jake thank you so much for

1436
00:59:17,450 --> 00:59:15,660
being with us today answering all of

1437
00:59:19,370 --> 00:59:17,460
these questions the super creative

1438
00:59:21,589 --> 00:59:19,380
intelligent insightful questions that

1439
00:59:24,170 --> 00:59:21,599
our audience asked today

1440
00:59:26,870 --> 00:59:24,180
yes thank you all so much for the

1441
00:59:28,430 --> 00:59:26,880
questions thank you for hosting uh it

1442
00:59:29,870 --> 00:59:28,440
was a real pleasure being here today

1443
00:59:32,210 --> 00:59:29,880
thanks

1444
00:59:33,650 --> 00:59:32,220
again uh you know I hope I didn't sound

1445
00:59:35,809 --> 00:59:33,660
too excited it's really hard to control

1446
00:59:38,089 --> 00:59:35,819
right now uh with so much cool stuff

1447
00:59:39,829 --> 00:59:38,099
going on but uh you know I just want to

1448
00:59:41,990 --> 00:59:39,839
say to all the especially the younger

1449
00:59:44,270 --> 00:59:42,000
folks out there early career Engineers

1450
00:59:45,950 --> 00:59:44,280
scientists technologists and all the

1451
00:59:47,990 --> 00:59:45,960
kids out there you know stay curious

1452
00:59:49,549 --> 00:59:48,000
stay excited about this stuff I mean

1453
00:59:50,870 --> 00:59:49,559
we're doing this for you you're the ones

1454
00:59:53,450 --> 00:59:50,880
who are going to take this and go

1455
00:59:55,430 --> 00:59:53,460
explore the stars in the solar system so

1456
00:59:57,530 --> 00:59:55,440
we're taking these first baby steps for

1457
01:00:00,650 --> 00:59:57,540
you I hope you're coming along after us

1458
01:00:03,650 --> 01:00:00,660
and and really take it take it out there

1459
01:00:05,630 --> 01:00:03,660
Jake we love your excitement that is the

1460
01:00:08,289 --> 01:00:05,640
perfect way to end our show so if you

1461
01:00:10,789 --> 01:00:08,299
want to learn more visit nasa.gov

1462
01:00:13,250 --> 01:00:10,799
artemis1 and to stay updated on the

1463
01:00:15,950 --> 01:00:13,260
program and Artemis you can follow at

1464
01:00:19,309 --> 01:00:15,960
Nasa Artemis on Facebook Twitter and

1465
01:00:21,049 --> 01:00:19,319
Instagram and if today's show piqued

1466
01:00:23,510 --> 01:00:21,059
your interest in Jake and sharmila left

1467
01:00:25,370 --> 01:00:23,520
you wanting to know more there is a spot

1468
01:00:28,370 --> 01:00:25,380
for you for science too you can follow

1469
01:00:30,829 --> 01:00:28,380
at Nasa spaceside on Twitter for the

1470
01:00:33,109 --> 01:00:30,839
latest experiments and results thank you

1471
01:00:37,250 --> 01:00:33,119
so much for joining us asking the best

1472
01:01:09,230 --> 01:00:41,289
[Music]